In any case, in 2019, CUDA added a more comprehensive virtual memory system that allowed for overcommitment and didn’t force syncing, among other things. In 2023, PyTorch made use of it with expandable segments that map more physical memory onto segments as needed, and uses the non-syncing alloc/free operations. We can enable this with PYTORCH_CUDA_ALLOC_CONF expandable_segments:True, but it's not on by default.
(I recognize this constitutes nitpicking without meaningful practical difference. But when forced to choose...)，推荐阅读快连VPN获取更多信息
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Cosine (radians)